First Aid for Burns and Scalds

Burns are caused by contact with flame, hot objects, chemicals, electrocution, radiated heat, frozen heat, friction or radiation.

Scalds are caused by contact with boiling fluids or steam.

The results of either injury can be disfigurement, scarring and severe pain.

If a burn or scald occurs, first aid should be applied to the affected area as quickly as possible. This will help to:

Prevent/limit further damage to the area
Reduce associated pain

First Aid action to be taken

Remember

All victims of serious burns should seek professional medical help quickly!

The area should be immediately placed under cool running water for as long as it takes to reduce pain, redness and associated swelling which may occur in these circumstances. (this may take up to 30 minutes or more)

Remove jewellery, watches etc.

If blistering has occurred, whether before or during this procedure, continue with the same treatment.

Blisters should be protected and not burst. A blister provides the skin with a sterile fluid environment, which will protect and prevent bacteria from entering and infecting the area.

Reddened areas, where the skin is unbroken, can be dressed with clean bandages or similar for comfort and pain relief.

If large or broken blisters are present do not apply a dry dressing. The wound should be protected by either a plastic bag (suitable for hand or foot injuries), or cling film gently applied until medical treatment is obtained.

Awkward locations such as nose, ears and cheeks etc should also be treated with water. Obviously it is more difficult to place these areas under running water but clean material can be used as a ‘water pad’. This pad should be frequently changed to ensure the area remains cool.